Due to climate change, the average temperature of the Earth has increased by about 1 degrees from the previous levels of the industry. If there is a current emission level, it is expected to increase from 1.5 ° C to 2 ° C in the middle of this century. This change at temperatures has a serious impact on the agricultural sector, causing crop yields, water available and livestock health. In agricultural countries like milk, the milk area depends on natural fodder, and the impact of the availability of fodder and fodder is a major concern.
Due to irregular rainfall, rising temperature and frequent dryness, this animal is at risk and quality of the animal fodder sources. According to a research article from the Punjab Agricultural University, drought conditions such as Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Gujarat have been reduced to the availability of fodder. Due to frequent drought in these areas, the pasture is shrinking, causing farmers to depend on expensive feeding options.
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In addition, high temperature reduces the amount and overall quality of feeding nutrients, which affect the health, productivity and milk yield of dairy animals. Due to the lack of natural fodder, relying on expensive feeds made by animal feeding companies has begun to disappoint in the dairy business because these feeds often do not benefit small farmers.
Farmers regret because of the price of animals’ food
Climate change and grain production, thus causing cost instability and distribution problems. Due to the meteorological events in grain exported countries, fluctuations in the price of grain have increased the prices of animals’ forage, and the profitability of the dairy farms is decreasing. India’s dairy industry has mainly resources and minimum resources defined by small farmers. These farmers suffer from climate change. Increased costs for animal fodder, water and livestock care are shrinking.
Due to climate change, the cost of fodder will reduce the income of small farmers by 15-25 per cent. In addition, irrigation -dependent fodder crops are badly affected by the lack of water, causing chronic stability to risk. Milk is one of the most special sources of nutrition, especially in rural areas, especially in rural areas. Any restrictions on milk production can lead to a decline in prices, which can affect the access to the safe and nutritious food of the people. One of the four main columns of food safety is nutrition, and milk is a dietary supplement that helps people meet the food needs and options to live an active and healthy life.
Low milk production threatens food safety
One of the most immediate effects of climate change on dairy animals is thermal pressure. Especially when the temperature exceeds 25-30 ° C, cows and buffaloes have difficulty in controlling their body temperature in such situations, resulting in a reduction in dietary intake, reduces milk yield and weakening fertility. In areas such as North and Central India, which exceeds 40 ° C, the effects are even more serious. Milk production can be reduced by 10-30 percent due to thermal pressure. In addition, changes in the behavior of cows are seen, that is, the time to relax and reduce grazing, which reduces food intake. In addition, due to thermal pressure, the delay of the material and an increase in the birth rate of death.
The risk of disease from the health and heat of animals
Thermal stress weakens the digestive system of the animal, thus highly sensitive to diseases such as mastitis, respiratory infections and hoof. The risk of infection in the stressed animals increases, which increases the price of livestock therapy. In addition, a vector -like vector, such as hub and blue tongue, is enhanced by the rising temperature and modified rain methods.
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According to the ICAR report, the increase in mosquito and tick function in hot areas further increases the risk of these diseases. The lack of green fodder in Punjab has reached 28.57 per cent. In order to improve the protection of fodder and reduce the adverse effects of climate change, it is necessary to integrate fodder crops in existing grain -dominated crop systems to ensure uniform land use in recommendations. It is important to educate farmers about techniques such as selecting and hemking for saving surplus feed for a shortage period. Climate friendly fodder crops should be propagated and propagated to suit dry and semi -dry areas. Water storage techniques, such as drip irrigation and sprayers systems, should be encouraged to boost the productivity of fodder in areas with water shortages.
. Milk production (D) milk rate
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