Doctor. Ranveer Singh
Despite being an agricultural country, India is facing a serious challenge in its rural economy. It is deeply affected by the economic and social status of millions of farmers, agricultural productivity and the entire rural lifestyle, not only in the land administration, not only in the North Indian states. The margin and small farmers who cultivate in small and scattered sectors often lose essential resources, useful irrigation facilities and modern technical innovations, resulting in a decrease in income, stagnation in productivity and decline in quality of life.
The statistics of the All India Rural Financial Admission Survey (NAFIS) 2021-22 The statistics conducted by the National Agricultural and Rural Development Bank (Nabard) are shocking. According to the survey, the average agricultural land level of Uttar Pradesh declined from 1.08 hectares in 2016-17 to 0.74 hectares in 2021-22, which reduces the concern by about 31 per cent.
Serious problems in North India
Examples of the farmers of the two villages of Aligarh district are provided to understand this real situation. Ramesh Yadav (aka Baba), a progressive farmer from Panupura village in Uttar Pradesh, has a total of 1.6 hectares of land, but it is scattered in six different places. Another farmer from the Siddha village of the district, Suman Kumar Roy has 1.5 hectares of land, spreading in four different locations. The average size of the individual pieces of these fields is only 0.3 hectares. It is possible to establish an effective irrigation system in such small and unmanned layers or to use modern agricultural techniques properly.
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The 2012 report of business quality presents the most serious image of the premature part. According to the report, 84 percent of the farmers in the region cultivate less than a hectare and 65 per cent of the national average. This indicates that in some parts of Uttar Pradesh, the fragment of land has reached a more serious position than the national average.
The deep impact of social and livelihood
The impact of the land fragment is not only on agricultural production but also a profound impact on the rural community and the livelihood of the peasantry. A 90 -year -old farmer from Panupura village, Chu UD Dari Mishri Singh, says he has a total of 7 hectares of land when he describes his objection, but it is divided into 26 small pieces. He says that if the land was organized in 4-5 large areas, the administration of agriculture would have been very simple and could increase the yield. Chaudhry Mishri Singh still remembers the coordination process in the village in 1962, promised that the land will be restructured every 20 years. However, in the last 60 years, no concrete measures have been taken in this direction. The governments of various political parties have come out, but no one has taken this basic issue seriously.
Many problems and challenges of farmers
Due to small and separated agricultural land rights, farmers and agriculture facing many major challenges. The use of tractors and other modern agricultural equipment in small sectors causes financial damage. Due to the small amount of cultivation, the cost of production per unit increases, while farmers’ income is low due to low yields. It is difficult to construct and maintain irrigation canals in scattered fields. It requires more time and cost to transport production from the farm to the market. Due to the lack of adequate income from agriculture, the younger generation is forced to migrate from villages to cities, leading to a shortage of workers in villages and increases population pressure in cities.
Meaningful steps required for the solution
Many meaningful measures can be taken to deal with this serious problem and improve the status of the farmers. The government should provide technical assistance, concessionary loans and modern agricultural equipment to small and some farmers. Their access should be confirmed for high -quality seeds, fertilizers and effective irrigation facilities. In order to unite the farmers and provide joint power, the creation of farmers’ manufacturing companies (FPO) and co -operative societies should be encouraged. This will help share resources collectively, follow modern techniques and get the best value for their production.
It is very important to strengthen the roads, Mandis, efficient transport system and irrigation network in the countryside. This will not only increase agricultural productivity, but also help farmers easily achieve their produce. Local employment opportunities should be created in villages. Quality education, excellent health services and other necessary facilities should be accessed in the villages so that the villagers do not have to relocate to cities in search of better life.
Integration can lead to many solutions
One of the most practical and long -term solutions for the problem of fragmentation of the land is coordination. Integration is a process of focusing on the exact amount of farmers’ scattered agricultural land and focusing on one place. It has many benefits. When the farmers’ fields are in one place, the possibility of land conflicts decreases significantly. The manufacture of irrigation canals and the use of modern agricultural machinery in the organized sectors is very efficient and expensive.
In coordination process, land is easily available to construct schools, hospitals, roads and other public facilities in villages. There is a need for hours that coordination must be re -calculated as a strong state policy. It is necessary to raise awareness about the benefits of this process and encourage them to participate in it. (The teacher has four decades of experience in rural development, livestock farming and policy management.)