Mango, known as the king of fruit, is an important fruit crop in India. However, common farmers often face a common problem – fruit fall. This problem can greatly affect crop yields and quality, which causes economic loss to farmers. The problem of fruit loss can occur at any time from the beginning to maturity, but the initial and immature fruit fall is particularly concerned. In this article, we will discuss the various causes of fruit loss in mangoes, their prevention and effective management techniques.
The main reason for the loss of fruit:
The chief scientist of Lucknow’s CISH is H.S. According to Singh, there may be many reasons for fruit loss in mangoes, which can mainly be classified as physical, environmental and nutritional factors.
1. The formation of hormonal imbalance and absorption layer
The appearance of a layer of brown at the bottom of the fruit is called the absence of a layer, which is a major cause of fruit loss. This layer is made of fruit stem junction and the bottom of the fruit. The balance of plant hormones such as oxin and ethylene plays an important role in holding fruit on the tree. Hormone oxin, which promotes growth, flows from the fruit to the stem and prevents the formation of the sore layer.
When the fruit is weak, when it is not fertilized, or exceeds any kind of stress, the production of oxin is reduced. On the contrary, hormone levels that prevent growth such as ethylene and adslic acids increase. Due to the hormonal imbalance, specific cells of the sore throat function with fermentation. Enzymes, such as cellulus and polygallecturoneis, begin to break cell rectal, which weaken the fruit connection and eventually fall. A clear sore mark appears in the fallen fruit.
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2. When the tree uses more fruits
According to chief scientist HS Singh, the maombo tree contains low nutrients, water and hormone resources. When a large number of fruits are planted in the tree, it naturally abandons some fruit so that the remaining fruits get enough nutrition and they can develop well. It is a process of body self -control, thereby dividing the tree weak or extra fruits in a controlled manner. The formation of the absence of the absence plays an important role in this process.
3. Environmental and stress factor
Various environmental factors and stressful conditions will promote fruit loss.
Dry: Irregular or inadequate irrigation, especially during fruit growth, can cause fruit loss in stress.
Temperature fluctuations: Excessive heat or cold, especially during flowering and fruit, spoil the hormone balance and promote fruit loss.
Nutritional disorders: The lack of essential nutrients such as boron, calcium, magnesium and potassium can weaken the growth and involvement of fruit.
Insects and diseases: Infection of insects and diseases can weaken the tree and cause fruit loss. Insects can directly attack the fruit, while the disease can affect the overall health of the tree.
4. The absence of nutrients
Lack of certain nutrients may be a major cause of fruit loss in mangoes.
Boron Deficiency: The stability of the boron cell wall must be attached to an essential microscopic and fruit tree. Due to its lack, mature fruits can fall widely.
The imbalance of other nutrients: The imbalance of other major nutrients such as calcium, magnesium and potassium can negatively affect the growth of fruit and fruits, causing fruits.
5. Water pressure
Irregular water supply, whether it is sudden dryness or excessive irrigation, can cause stress to the mango tree.
Growing fruit is high in demand for water, and at this time the lack of water can be a major cause of fruit loss. Excessive irrigation can lead to the absence of oxygen in the soil, which can disrupt the activity of the roots and eventually cause fruit loss.
6. Excessive fruit load or adequate pollination
If the tree bears more than its potential, the wood cannot provide adequate nutrition to all the fruits, so that some fruits fall. The seed caused by adequate pollination -the free or weak fruits are abandoned by the wood, as they reduce the production of hormones needed for growth.
Prevent and manage the problem of fruit loss:
Many measures may be taken to reduce the problem of fruit loss in mango and get healthy crop:
1. Management of nutrients:
Boron spraying: Spraying boron -combined fertilizers with solapur -like fertilizer at 0.1% concentrations during flowering is useful in reducing fruit loss.
Use of uniform fertilizer: Use uniform fertilizer, including micronutrients based on soil testing to ensure that all the necessary nutrients are provided.
2. The use of plant growth regulator (BGRS):
If the problem of fruit loss is severe, plant expansion regulators such as nabatlein acetic acid (NA) are sprayed at the rate of 20 ppm (2 ml/10 liters of water) to help you to encourage the possession of fruit and reduce fruit loss.
3. Irrigation Management:
Ensure adequate and regular irrigation at the time wearing fruit. Avoid water or excessive deficit. Monitor the moisture of the soil and irrigate as needed.
4. Control of pests and disease:
Regular monitoring of garden insects and diseases. If an infection appears, control them with timely pesticides and fungi. Healthy trees are less stressful, and the chances of falling fruit are low.
5. Sorting:
Sort the tree regularly so that there will be enough sunlight and air circulation. It helps to reduce the spread of pests and diseases and maintain the overall health of the tree.
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End
According to primary scientist HS Singh, fruit fall in mangoes is a complex problem, which can be affected by many factors. Hormonal imbalances, physical self -regulations, environmental stress, malnutrition, water pressure and adequate pollen are some of the main causes that can cause fruit loss. For effective administration, it is necessary to identify these causes and take proper preventive measures. Uniform nutrition, proper irrigation, pests and disease control and plant growth regulators can reduce the problem of fruit loss and get a healthy, high yield.
(tagstotranslate) mango fruit
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